this month in Jewish history - mass violence, murder, persecution and rape against Jewish people in Kiev, Ukraine

this month in Jewish history - mass violence, murder, persecution and rape against Jewish people in Kiev, Ukraine

October 18-20, 1919: Cossack Pogrom - Ivankiv district, 18–20 October 1919

Wikipedia shows: "The Kiev pogroms of 1919 refers to a series of anti-Jewish pogroms in various places in and around Kiev carried out by White Volunteer Army troops and some other anti-Bolshevik forces during the Russian Civil War ... There were a total of 1,326 pogroms across Ukraine around that time, in which between 30,000 and 70,000 Jews were massacred. The pogroms were marked by utmost cruelty and face-to-face brutality. Thousands of women were raped. Hundreds of shtetlekh were pillaged, and Jewish neighborhoods were left in ruins. According to some estimates, overall, in the pogroms of 1918–1921, half a million Jews were left homeless. Of these 53.7% were committed by Petlura's Ukrainian nationalists, the remainder by troops from White Volunteer Army (17%), the Bolsheviks' Red Army (2.3%), or local bands. These estimates include deaths due to massacre-induced disease or starvation. More recent estimates based on newly available Russian records judge the percentage killed by the White Volunteer Army to be much higher, perhaps as high as 50 percent ... Despite claims to the contrary,the Kiev Pogroms of 1919 were not the first of their kind in Ukraine, and other instances of violence occurred and were carried out against Jews in and around Kiev in the 1880s and the first decade of the 20th century." -Wikipedia

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