Kristallnacht - Nationwide State-Sponsored Persecution, Violence and Murder against Jewish People

this date in German and Jewish history - Nazi Crimes against Humanity

November 9–10, 1938: Kristallnacht - Nationwide State-Sponsored Persecution, Violence and Murder against Jewish People

"Kristallnacht or the Night of Broken Glass, also called the November pogrom(s) (German: Novemberpogrome, was a pogrom against Jews carried out by the Nazi Party's Sturmabteilung (SA) and Schutzstaffel (SS) paramilitary forces along with some participation from the Hitler Youth and German civilians throughout Nazi Germany on 9–10 November 1938 ... Jewish homes, hospitals and schools were ransacked as attackers demolished buildings with sledgehammers. Rioters destroyed over 1,400 synagogues and prayer rooms throughout Germany, Austria, and the Sudetenland. Over 7,000 Jewish businesses were damaged or destroyed, and 30,000 Jewish men were arrested and incarcerated in concentration camps ... The persecution and economic damage inflicted upon German Jews continued after the pogrom, even as their places of business were ransacked. They were forced to pay Judenvermögensabgabe, a collective fine or 'atonement contribution' of 1 billion Reichsmarks (€4.5 billion or US$5.3 billion in 2021) for the murder of Ernst vom Rath, which was levied by the compulsory acquisition of 20% of all Jewish property by the state. Insurance payments worth 6 million Reichsmarks (€27 million or US$32 million in 2021) for property damage due to the Jewish community were instead paid to the Reich government as 'damages to the German Nation'. Jews were required to pay for the cost of all damages caused by the pogrom to their residences and businesses."